In risk assessment, what does the term "hazard" refer to?

In risk assessment, the term "hazard" specifically refers to any source of potential damage or harm. This includes anything that has the ability to cause adverse effects on people, property, or the environment. Hazards can take many forms, such as chemicals, machinery, and unsafe work practices, and identifying them is fundamental to the risk assessment process. Recognizing and understanding hazards allows organizations to implement effective safety measures and controls to prevent accidents and injuries.

The other concepts mentioned, while related to the overall process of risk assessment, do not define what a hazard is. For instance, the likelihood of an incident occurring pertains to probability, while the severity of injury focuses on the potential impact of an incident. The assessment of existing control measures evaluates how effective current safety precautions are in mitigating risks but does not address what constitutes a hazard itself. Understanding the definition of a hazard is crucial for effectively managing and reducing risks within any environment.