What does ergonomics primarily focus on?

Ergonomics primarily focuses on designing jobs and work environments to fit the person who performs them. This field aims to enhance human performance and well-being by optimizing the interaction between people and their work tasks. By considering physical, cognitive, and organizational factors, ergonomics seeks to reduce discomfort and increase efficiency, ultimately leading to safer and more productive working conditions.

For instance, when ergonomics is applied in an office setting, it could involve designing chairs that support good posture, arranging computer monitors at eye level, and creating workflows that minimize unnecessary movements. This holistic approach ensures that the tools and work environment meet the needs of the individual, rather than forcing individuals to adapt to ill-suited workspaces.

In contrast, the other choices do not capture the essence of ergonomics as accurately. The focus on fitting machinery is a narrower view that neglects the human element; studying consumer behavior is more relevant to marketing and design psychology rather than ergonomics; and improving productivity without regard to worker comfort directly contradicts the fundamental goals of ergonomics, which prioritize safety and worker satisfaction alongside productivity.