What does Theory X in McGregor's theories assume about workers?

Theory X, as proposed by Douglas McGregor, suggests that workers are inherently uninterested in their work and require external motivation to perform their tasks. This perspective assumes that employees generally dislike work and will avoid it unless they are coerced or controlled. It posits that people prefer to be directed rather than take initiative, indicating a lack of ambition and the need for strict supervision.

This theory contrasts sharply with Theory Y, which suggests that workers are internally motivated and can find satisfaction and enjoyment in their work. By understanding Theory X, leaders and managers can evaluate their assumptions about employee motivation and adjust their management style accordingly.

Recognizing that many workers do not fit the Theory X mold allows organizations to foster a more supportive environment, aiming to align employee interests with organizational goals through encouragement, participation, and potential autonomy. Thus, the assumption that workers are uninterested and unmotivated is foundational to the Theory X philosophy, making it the correct choice.