What is a common method of fire extinguishment that utilizes CO2?

The use of carbon dioxide (CO2) as a common method of fire extinguishment is directly linked to NFPA 12, which specifically governs the design and installation of carbon dioxide extinguishing systems. CO2 is effective in fire suppression primarily due to its ability to displace oxygen around the fire, thereby interrupting the fire triangle—a concept that outlines the three key elements needed for fire: heat, fuel, and oxygen. The suppression systems outlined in NFPA 12 are designed to release CO2 in a manner that effectively reduces the oxygen concentration below the level needed for combustion, making it a suitable option for protecting various types of hazards, particularly in areas with sensitive equipment or where water damage may be a concern.

In contrast, NFPA 14 pertains to standpipes and hose systems, which are primarily designed for manual firefighting efforts using water. Although important in firefighting and fire protection strategies, it does not relate to CO2 extinguishment. Oxygen dilution is a general principle involved in many extinguishing methods but is not a defined system or code related to CO2. By understanding the specifics of NFPA 12, one can appreciate the unique role CO2 plays in fire suppression and the regulatory framework that supports its safe and effective use.