What is the primary method of transmission for brucellosis?

The primary method of transmission for brucellosis is through ingestion. This zoonotic disease is most commonly spread to humans by consuming unpasteurized dairy products or undercooked meat from infected animals, particularly cattle, sheep, goats, and dogs. When humans ingest these contaminated foods, the bacteria that cause brucellosis, primarily different species of the genus Brucella, can survive and multiply in the host, leading to infection.

Understanding that ingestion is the main transmission route aligns with the epidemiology of brucellosis. In many cases, people who are involved in handling or consuming raw animal products are at higher risk for infection. While other options represent potential routes for the transmission of various types of diseases, they do not accurately characterize how brucellosis is primarily transmitted, reinforcing the importance of recognizing ingestion as the critical factor in this context.